Research on Visualization Technology of Nondestructive Testing
The endoscope is a multi-disciplinary universal tool. Its function is to explore the depth of the curved pipe, observe the parts that cannot be directly seen, and observe the internal space structure and state in the sealed cavity, which can achieve long-distance Observe and operate. Used to directly observe the inside of the object. The cavity device is called an endoscope, or endoscope for short. Industrial endoscopes can be used for inspection and observation of high temperature, toxic, nuclear radiation and places that cannot be directly observed by the human eye. They are mainly used for automobiles, aero engines, pipelines, mechanical parts, etc., without disassembly or destruction of assembly and equipment It realizes non-destructive testing when the operation is stopped, and is widely used in various sectors of modern core industries such as aviation, automobiles, ships, electrical, chemical, electric power, gas, atomic energy, civil engineering and construction. Industrial endoscopes can also be coupled with cameras, video cameras or electronic computers to form photographic, video and image processing systems, so as to monitor, record, store and analyze visual field targets, providing good diagnostics and processing Guarantee.
Hard tube endoscope
The working principle of the rigid tube endoscope is: the use of image transmission lens optical technology to transmit images, and the optical fiber provides light transmission illumination. In order to transmit a clear image, the effective stainless steel insertion tube of the endoscope is designed with an image transmission lens system of several optical elements. Built-in fiber. The illuminating light needed for photography is directly transmitted from the independent cold light source to the working position. The hard tube endoscope can only detect the welded joint of the straight tube, and the length of the straight tube that can be detected is limited. The hard tube endoscope cannot detect the welded joint of the elbow.
Hose fiber optic endoscope
The hose fiber endoscope is a new type of optical instrument that combines fiber optics and optics, precision machinery and electronic technology. It uses the principle of light transmission and image transmission of optical fibers and its soft bending performance. Concealed parts that are not easy to observe can be directly and quickly checked without disassembly of the equipment or additional lighting. As long as there is a hole to insert the spy head, the internal situation can be seen at a glance, which can be intuitive or side-viewed. , You can also manually control the tip to scan the surface to be inspected continuously up and down 100°. It can be viewed visually, photographed, video recorded or displayed on TV.
Electronic industrial endoscope
The electronic industrial endoscope uses a photosensitive chip smaller than 1/6' located at the end of the endoscope insertion tube to directly collect the image, and transmits it to the display through the signal transmission line to display the image. Because the image is directly converted into an electrical signal, it cannot be directly visualized; At the tip of the insertion tubeThe LED is directly illuminated, or the rear LED light source is used to illuminate through optical fiber light; the advantage is that the manufacturing cost is relatively low and has nothing to. do with the length of the insertion tube. The display screen can be intuitively observed, and the resolution of the photosensitive chip is much higher than that of soft Tube fiber optic endoscope, with very high definition, can store photos and videos, and provide a basis for later analysis; the disadvantage is that the photosensitive chip is located at the tip of the insertion tube, and the endoscope uses 1/18' photosensitive chip with the diameter of the insertion tube It can be about 5.5mm (guaranteed to withstand 10m water pressure and integrate high-brightness LED lights). With the development of CMOS sensor technology, there are now 2.6mm photosensitive chips, and even 1.5mm photosensitive chips, so electronic endoscopes with insertion tubes less than 2mm in diameter can also be achieved.
Three-dimensional measuring endoscope
This is a higher-tech endoscope with measurement function. At present, the three-dimensional measurement technology used on the endoscope includes binocular measurement technology and structured light technology. Binocular stereo vision is an important branch of computer vision, that is, two cameras or a camera (CCD) at different positions are moved or rotated to shoot the same scene. By calculating the parallax of the spatial point in the two images, the The three-dimensional coordinate value of the point.
Endoscopy is a new and booming industry. With the development of modern industry, the demand for industrial endoscopes is also increasing. From rigid tube endoscopes to flexible fiber optic endoscopes to electronic endoscopes to three-dimensional measurement endoscopes, it is believed that more and more new technologies will be applied to endoscopes.
Hard tube endoscope
The working principle of the rigid tube endoscope is: the use of image transmission lens optical technology to transmit images, and the optical fiber provides light transmission illumination. In order to transmit a clear image, the effective stainless steel insertion tube of the endoscope is designed with an image transmission lens system of several optical elements. Built-in fiber. The illuminating light needed for photography is directly transmitted from the independent cold light source to the working position. The hard tube endoscope can only detect the welded joint of the straight tube, and the length of the straight tube that can be detected is limited. The hard tube endoscope cannot detect the welded joint of the elbow.
Hose fiber optic endoscope
The hose fiber endoscope is a new type of optical instrument that combines fiber optics and optics, precision machinery and electronic technology. It uses the principle of light transmission and image transmission of optical fibers and its soft bending performance. Concealed parts that are not easy to observe can be directly and quickly checked without disassembly of the equipment or additional lighting. As long as there is a hole to insert the spy head, the internal situation can be seen at a glance, which can be intuitive or side-viewed. , You can also manually control the tip to scan the surface to be inspected continuously up and down 100°. It can be viewed visually, photographed, video recorded or displayed on TV.
Electronic industrial endoscope
The electronic industrial endoscope uses a photosensitive chip smaller than 1/6' located at the end of the endoscope insertion tube to directly collect the image, and transmits it to the display through the signal transmission line to display the image. Because the image is directly converted into an electrical signal, it cannot be directly visualized; At the tip of the insertion tubeThe LED is directly illuminated, or the rear LED light source is used to illuminate through optical fiber light; the advantage is that the manufacturing cost is relatively low and has nothing to. do with the length of the insertion tube. The display screen can be intuitively observed, and the resolution of the photosensitive chip is much higher than that of soft Tube fiber optic endoscope, with very high definition, can store photos and videos, and provide a basis for later analysis; the disadvantage is that the photosensitive chip is located at the tip of the insertion tube, and the endoscope uses 1/18' photosensitive chip with the diameter of the insertion tube It can be about 5.5mm (guaranteed to withstand 10m water pressure and integrate high-brightness LED lights). With the development of CMOS sensor technology, there are now 2.6mm photosensitive chips, and even 1.5mm photosensitive chips, so electronic endoscopes with insertion tubes less than 2mm in diameter can also be achieved.
Three-dimensional measuring endoscope
This is a higher-tech endoscope with measurement function. At present, the three-dimensional measurement technology used on the endoscope includes binocular measurement technology and structured light technology. Binocular stereo vision is an important branch of computer vision, that is, two cameras or a camera (CCD) at different positions are moved or rotated to shoot the same scene. By calculating the parallax of the spatial point in the two images, the The three-dimensional coordinate value of the point.
Endoscopy is a new and booming industry. With the development of modern industry, the demand for industrial endoscopes is also increasing. From rigid tube endoscopes to flexible fiber optic endoscopes to electronic endoscopes to three-dimensional measurement endoscopes, it is believed that more and more new technologies will be applied to endoscopes.
